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Photovoltaic guide for German-speaking Switzerland

Cantonal rules on permitting, subsidies, grid connection and economics — every guide with official sources and a review date. Pick topic and canton, read the answer.

Guides
115Guides
Cantons covered
26Cantons covered
Topic areas
7Topic areas
115 guides

Costs

1

Know which cost drivers matter most — before the quote arrives.

Subsidies

24

Make sure Pronovo, project documentation and subsidy logic align from the start.

Aargau

Pronovo, AEW & tax rules Aargau

Explains how the Pronovo funding category, AEW feed-in model and the new Aargau tax rules from 2026 interact, and which project data needs to be consistently prepared.

Aargau

PV funding roof renovation Aargau

How Aargau’s 2026 roof/facade bonus combines thermal insulation and PV: classify the supplement, area quota, documents and application before work starts.

Appenzell Ausserrhoden

PV incentives Appenzell Ausserrhoden

What support a PV system in Appenzell Ausserrhoden can receive in 2026, when the application is admissible and which Pronovo exceptions apply.

Basel-Stadt

Pronovo & incentives PV Basel-Stadt

Explains how to prepare the Pronovo registration and the Basel-Stadt cantonal subsidy programme correctly for a PV installation, which sequence applies, which documents must be consistent, and what role IWB plays as the sole grid operator.

Bern

Pronovo one-time payment Bern

How high the Pronovo one-time payment for a PV system in Canton Bern is, how it splits into a base and a capacity payment, when to file the application, and how federal funding, the absence of cantonal PV funding and the tax deduction relate to each other.

Freiburg

Self-consumption association incentive Fribourg

Fribourg’s ZEV incentive pays CHF 750 per new self-consumption association. The decisive points are 10% system capacity, an additional electricity meter and filing before construction starts.

Genf

SIG Prime­solaire Geneva

In 2026, the SIG Prime solaire supplements the Pronovo one-time incentive: 25% of the PRU for 2 to under 30 kWc and 15% for 30 to 100 kWc. Self-consumption, commissioning and Pronovo certification are decisive.

Glarus

PV funding Glarus

Glarus offers two routes to a cantonal contribution towards a photovoltaic system: the GL-31 tilt-angle bonus of CHF 250 per kWp from 75 degrees, and the CHF 2,000 combination grant, which is only triggered together with a solar thermal system.

Graubünden

PV funding Graubünden

Graubünden funds photovoltaics through two mutually exclusive programmes: CHF 300 per kWp for steep winter-power systems and, since the end of 2025, CHF 150 per kWp for using the area potential on residential buildings.

Luzern

Pronovo one-time incentive PV Lucerne

Explains how to prepare the Pronovo one-time PV subsidy cleanly in Canton Lucerne, which funding category applies, the role of CKW or ewl as grid operators, and which project data must be consistent.

Luzern

Photo­voltaic incentives City of Lucerne

How the City of Lucerne adds to the federal one-time remuneration, which bonuses apply for green roofs, facades, low-glare modules and heritage requirements, and why the application must be filed before construction starts.

Luzern

Bidirectional wallbox subsidy Lucerne

Canton Lucerne pays CHF 2,000 per bidirectional DC charging station. The decisive points are residential use, renewable electricity, SIA 2060 installation standard D, commissioning from 1 January 2026 and the three-month deadline for the completion dossier.

Neuenburg

PV incentives for large roofs in Neuchâtel

Neuchâtel’s incentive for large PV roofs pays CHF 11,000 per system. The decisive points are output above 90 kWc, a Pronovo decision, the same grid connection point and the six-month deadline at SENE.

Nidwalden

Photovoltaic incentives Nidwalden

Which cantonal support paths for photovoltaics exist in Nidwalden, how solar consultation works and what to check separately through Pronovo.

Obwalden

PV funding Obwalden

Obwalden pays a flat CHF 1,000 plus CHF 750 per kWp — but only for winter-optimised systems with a 75 to 90 degree module tilt on existing buildings. A conventionally tilted roof system receives nothing from the canton.

Schaffhausen

PV in­cen­tives Schaff­hausen

Which PV incentives in Schaffhausen run through Pronovo, where cantonal contributions for storage and coupled charging infrastructure apply, and why applications must be filed before installation starts.

Schwyz

PV funding Schwyz

Canton Schwyz does not fund photovoltaics and expressly refers applicants to the federal level. Only solar thermal energy is funded cantonally; for photovoltaics the Pronovo one-time payment applies, alongside municipal and sector-specific programmes.

St. Gallen

PV incentives St. Gallen

Classifies Pronovo programmes, the right timing for the EIV application, required documents and additional city or municipal support for PV projects in St. Gallen.

St. Gallen

Charging infrastructure­funding St. Gallen

How owners in Canton St. Gallen can prepare charging infrastructure with at least four stations, load management and building-owned PV for funding in existing parking garages.

Thurgau

PV incentives Thurgau

How property owners in Thurgau distinguish the Pronovo EIV, the cantonal funding portal and possible municipal programmes before implementation.

Uri

PV incentives Uri 2026

Uri's 2026 energy programme supports winter-optimised PV systems on existing buildings with a flat CHF 1,000 plus CHF 250 per kWp from 2 kWp when the tilt and application timing meet the rules.

Waadt

PV incentives Vaud: protected buildings

Vaud measure S04 supports integrated photovoltaics on protected buildings and in protected sites. Eligibility depends on protection status, a pitched roof, at least 2 kW, a building permit and a comparison with a standard system.

Zug

PV bonus roof renovation Zug

When Canton Zug pays a PV bonus during roof or facade refurbishment, which area quota applies and why the funding application must be filed before work starts.

Zürich

Pronovo & one-time incentive Zurich

Find out what the Pronovo one-time payment means for a PV project in Canton Zurich: when to file, which documents need to be consistent, and how grid operator registration and commissioning fit together.

Permitting

24

Know before installation whether townscape, roof type or special cases require a permit.

Switzerland

Does a solar system need a permit?

The Switzerland-wide basic rule since 1 January 2026: sufficiently adapted solar systems on roofs and facades need no building permit in building and agricultural zones, only a notification – with clear limits and clearly named exceptions.

Aargau

PV permitting Canton Aargau

Roof or facade: when notification via EVEN is enough in Aargau, which protected areas require a permit and what to submit before installation.

Appenzell Ausserrhoden

PV building permit Appenzell Ausserrhoden

When notification is sufficient for a solar system in Appenzell Ausserrhoden, when a building application is needed, and which plans the municipality expects.

Appenzell Innerrhoden

PV per­mitting Appenzell I.Rh.

When a four-week notification is sufficient for PV in Appenzell Innerrhoden, when a building application is required and which plans must be filed.

Basel-Landschaft

PV notification Basel-Landschaft

Classify PV projects in Basel-Landschaft cleanly: notification form, 30-day timing, core and protection zones, agricultural zones, e-permit workflow, Primeo grid process and Pronovo documents.

Basel-Stadt

PV permitting Basel-Stadt

In Basel-Stadt, the zoning category and heritage protection status determine whether a PV installation requires notification or a full building permit. The revised Solar Offensive 2025 has lifted the ban on historic town centres, but in sensitive areas a building permit remains required.

Bern

Solar Permit Bern

When a rooftop PV system in Canton Bern is permit-free, when only the eBau notification procedure applies, and which heritage and K-object exceptions trigger a building permit.

Bern

Solar obligation for car parks Bern

Bern’s car-park solar obligation from 2026 covers new public, managed outdoor car parks with at least 80 spaces and new P+R facilities with more than 50 spaces. Suitable areas need at least 50% solar-active canopy coverage; suitability, retrofit duties and exemptions follow defined criteria.

Freiburg

PV Facade Permit Fribourg

Since 2026, sufficiently integrated PV facades in the Canton of Fribourg can fall under the notification procedure. The decisive points are Art. 32abis RPV, the 20 cm distance, protection status and the 30-day notice to the municipality.

Freiburg

Ground-mounted PV Fribourg

How ground-mounted PV is planned in Fribourg building zones on open land, car parks or slopes, which simplified procedure applies and how Pronovo funding and electricity use fit together.

Glarus

PV permit Glarus

When a 30-day notification is sufficient in Canton Glarus, when a building application is required, and how GeoViewer, protected objects and the 1,000 kW threshold change planning.

Graubünden

PV permitting Graubünden

Why roof-mounted systems in Graubünden fall under a notification duty rather than a building application, what the 15-working-day deadline triggers and why the municipality has the final say.

Jura

PV per­mit­ting Jura

In Jura, the municipality decides between notification and a building permit. The cantonal guide of 1 July 2026 sets out the 20 cm, 1.00 m and 45-degree tests, protected cases and JURAC.

Luzern

PV permitting Canton Lucerne

In Canton Lucerne, system size determines the procedure: small installations up to 20 m² are exempt from notification under certain conditions, larger systems require notification, a building permit is only needed for monument protection, townscape protection or systems not sufficiently adapted.

Nidwalden

PV notification Nidwalden

Understand when Nidwalden’s solar notification form is sufficient, when a building application is needed and how grid connection, EWN, self-consumption and incentives fit into the project workflow.

Obwalden

PV permitting Obwalden

In Obwalden, the notification procedure is usually sufficient for suitably adapted roof systems. Protected areas, protected objects, ground-mounted systems and certain facade systems instead require the ordinary building application.

Schaffhausen

PV per­mit Schaff­hausen

When notification is enough for PV in Schaffhausen, when a building permit is required and which 30-day deadline applies before construction starts.

Schwyz

PV permits Schwyz

In Canton Schwyz a solar installation normally goes through the notification procedure: file the notification at least 20 days before work starts via the eBau portal, after which work may begin absent any contrary reply. Subject to notification does not mean exempt from a permit.

Solothurn

PV notification in Solothurn

When notification is sufficient for a PV system on a roof or facade in Canton Solothurn, which 30-day deadline applies and which protected cases trigger a building permit.

St. Gallen

PV permitting St. Gallen

Clarify when a notification is sufficient for rooftop or facade PV in Canton St. Gallen, when cultural monuments, townscape protection or natural monuments trigger a building permit, and which documents the municipality needs.

Thurgau

PV notification Thurgau

Understand whether a PV system in Thurgau can be notified or whether heritage status, facade installation, design, size or grid connection triggers additional checks.

Uri

PV permitting Uri

In Canton Uri, notification is usually sufficient for suitably adapted roof systems. Art. 32a RPV, protected objects, protected zones and the Uri notification form determine whether a building application is required.

Zug

PV permits Zug

When a building notification is sufficient for solar systems in Canton Zug, when a building permit is needed and why design, townscape, facade and glare must be clarified before the quote.

Zürich

PV permitting Canton Zurich

Find out why most PV projects in Canton Zurich have only needed a notification to the municipality rather than a formal permit since 1 January 2023, which 30-day deadline applies and which exceptions such as core zones or monument protection must be clarified early.

Storage

9

See when a battery makes economic sense — and when it doesn't yet.

Switzerland

Is a battery storage worth it?

Whether a battery for your solar system pays off – calculated with the median prices from the SFOE price survey 2025, the self-consumption figures from EnergieSchweiz and the warranty practice described by Swissolar. Including the honest answer about when it does not pay off.

Aargau

PV battery storage Aargau

Assess when a battery storage system fits a PV system in Aargau: prepare self-consumption, AEW metering, grid connection, wallbox, heat pump and incentive logic cleanly.

Bern

Battery storage sizing – Bern

How big a PV battery storage system in canton Bern should be: sizing rules from Swissolar and SwissEnergy, a guide price of CHF 600-900/kWh, the ewb storage subsidy of CHF 100/kWh limited to the city area, and the duty to report retrofitted storage to Pronovo.

Neuenburg

Battery storage incentives Neuchâtel

Neuchâtel’s new battery storage incentive: CHF 800 plus CHF 80 per kWh, a 2 kWh-per-kWp cap, a six-month deadline and a minimum-capacity wording that requires clarification.

Nidwalden

Battery storage with backup power in Nidwalden

Why a PV system with a battery does not automatically provide backup power – and what owners in Nidwalden should clarify before quoting, retrofitting and grid connection.

Solothurn

Bidirectional wallbox & PV Solothurn

How a bidirectional wallbox, PV system, electric car and building installation fit together in Canton Solothurn, including the technical, legal and tax limits to resolve first.

Thurgau

Battery storage funding Thurgau

Thurgau's 2026 battery-storage incentive pays CHF 1,000 per system, requires at least 10 kWh of usable capacity and is full after 700 applications. New applications go on a waiting list.

Zug

Battery storage & self-consumption Zug

Assess when battery storage, wallbox, ZEV, vZEV or WWZ self-consumption models in Zug really fit a PV system and when consumption, metering and grid connection need checking first.

Zürich

Battery storage incentives Zurich

How to assess battery storage in Zurich cleanly: city incentives from 1 August 2026, cantonal boundaries, Pronovo for the PV system and the technical check of self-consumption, metering concept and battery size.

Workflow & grid

20

Connect registration, metering, installation and commissioning so nothing falls through the cracks.

Switzerland

What to consider for a PV system

The key points before buying a photovoltaic system – roof, electricity use, system size, components, costs, incentives and permits – in the order that actually matters.

Switzerland

PV monitoring & yield checks

How owners can set up PV monitoring, alerts and yield histories so that data gaps, system faults and genuine service cases can be distinguished early.

Aargau

Solar obligation in Canton Aargau: what builders must clarify before PV planning

Clarify when Aargau's solar obligation applies to new buildings, how the minimum area is calculated, and which exceptions must be evidenced before building submission.

Aargau

PV grid con­nection Aargau

How PV projects in Aargau coordinate the connection request, installation notice, metering concept and safety certificate before commissioning.

Appenzell Ausserrhoden

PV grid connection AR

Register PV and storage in the SAK grid area: prepare the connection request, inspection, test protocol and safety certificates for handover.

Appenzell Innerrhoden

PV export limitation AI

How SAK limits the export capacity of new or technically modified PV systems, and what must be decided before quoting in the Appenzell SAK grid area.

Appenzell Innerrhoden

Balcony solar Appenzell I.Rh.

What matters before buying a balcony solar system in Appenzell Innerrhoden: 600 W per metering circuit, the declaration of conformity, notification to the grid operator and the building-law exception for systems off the roof.

Basel-Landschaft

PV grid connection Basel-Landschaft

Prepare PV grid connection in Basel-Landschaft cleanly: connection request, regional technical rules, meter, acceptance, safety certificate and complete commissioning.

Basel-Stadt

Solar offensive PV Basel-Stadt

Understand what Basel-Stadt’s solar offensive means for owners: suitable roof areas, protected buildings, notification path, incentives, IWB connection and project timing.

Basel-Stadt

PV grid connection Basel-Stadt

How to put a PV system’s connection request, electrical installation, metering and commissioning with IWB in Basel-Stadt into the right sequence.

Bern

Grid Operator Registration PV Bern

In canton Bern the responsible grid operator depends on the location: ewb in the city of Bern, BKW across most of the rest of the canton, plus local utilities such as Localnet (Burgdorf). The contractor submits a technical connection application (TAG) before construction; building is only permitted after approval.

Luzern

PV grid connection Lucerne

How owners in Canton Lucerne sequence CKW grid connection, technical connection request, metering concept, safety certificate and commissioning before installation.

Nidwalden

PV grid connection Nidwalden

How owners in Nidwalden coordinate grid connection, notification form, technical documents, EWN process, commissioning and incentives before installation.

Nidwalden

Balcony solar Nidwalden

A balcony solar system in the EWN supply area may be connected without a permit up to 600 W inverter output. The decisive points are EWN notification, the declaration of conformity, owner consent and the smart-meter requirement for remuneration.

Schaffhausen

PV grid connection Schaffhausen

How owners in Canton Schaffhausen bring together the EKS portal, grid connection, meter, safety certificate, Pronovo, guarantees of origin and commissioning cleanly.

Solothurn

PV grid connection Solothurn

How the connection request, technical connection conditions, installation notice, meter change, safety certificate and Pronovo data fit together in Canton Solothurn.

St. Gallen

PV grid connection in St. Gallen

What owners in St. Gallen should clarify before installation and commissioning: grid connection, metering concept, safety verification, meter, Pronovo and handover.

Thurgau

PV grid connection Thurgau

Grid connection and commissioning for a PV system in Thurgau: connection request, metering concept, meter, safety certificate, Pronovo data and handover in the right order.

Zug

PV grid connection Zug

How owners in Zug align grid connection, WWZ registration, metering concept, permit route, safety certificate and Pronovo documents before PV installation.

Zug

PV export limit Zug

What the 70% rule from 1 January 2026 means for inverters, energy management and PV planning in the WWZ grid area.

Economics

27

Judge whether yield, self-consumption and subsidies add up to a viable picture.

Aargau

PV self-consumption Aargau

How owners in Aargau classify self-consumption, ZEV, vZEV, local electricity models, storage and metering before a PV quote.

Aargau

PV tax deduction Aargau

How owners in Aargau prepare PV costs, Pronovo contributions, battery storage, self-consumption and electricity revenues cleanly for tax purposes.

Appenzell Ausserrhoden

vZEV photovoltaics Appenzell Ausserrhoden

When a virtual self-consumption community is possible in the SAK grid area and how metering, agreement and internal billing fit together.

Basel-Landschaft

vZEV photovoltaics Basel-Landschaft

When a virtual self-consumption community in the EBL grid area suits the building, metering concept and participating owners.

Basel-Stadt

Virtual self-consumption PV Basel-Stadt

How a virtual self-consumption community in the IWB grid area is checked, registered and aligned with the photovoltaic system and tenancy arrangements.

Glarus

PV feed-in payment Glarus

How TBGN structures PV feed-in remuneration in its Glarus service area in 2026 through the reference market price, minimum payment, HKNs and storage refunds.

Graubünden

PV feed-in payment Repower Graubünden

How Repower calculates PV feed-in payment in its grid area in 2026 using the SFOE reference market price, minimum rates, guarantees of origin and quarters.

Luzern

PV tax deduction Lucerne

How the tax deduction for photovoltaics in Canton Lucerne works from the 2023 tax period: existing building, 3-year boundary, flat-rate deduction, payment date, EIV and evidence.

Luzern

LEG solar power Lucerne

How a LEG in Canton Lucerne shares solar power through the public grid, why ewl and CKW must be checked separately, and which 5% rule and smart-meter lead time apply.

Nidwalden

Solar­power sharing: vZEV, EVL & LEG

Which EWN model in Nidwalden fits several properties: vZEV, the self-consumption solution or LEG – including metering, the 5% rule and grid assessment.

Nidwalden

PV feed-in tariff Nidwalden

EWN’s 2026 feed-in remuneration combines the reference market price, the minimum remuneration for PV systems below 150 kW and 2 Rp./kWh for solar quality. Owners in the EWN supply area can therefore assess feed-in, self-consumption and Pronovo separately.

Obwalden

PV con­tracting Obwalden

EWO PV contracting for businesses combines an EWO-financed and operated system with a fixed price, a 15- to 25-year term and free transfer at the end.

Schaffhausen

PV self-consumption Schaffhausen

Assess when self-consumption, vZEV or LEG make sense in Schaffhausen: check metering model, grid connection, storage, tenant electricity and Pronovo separately.

Schaffhausen

vZEV & LEC for PV in Schaffhausen

Assess when ZEV, virtual ZEV or local electricity community makes sense for PV in Schaffhausen: prepare metering concept, grid operator, participants, storage and billing cleanly.

Schaffhausen

PV feed-in tariff Schaffhausen

How SH POWER remunerates solar electricity in its grid area in 2026: the SFOE reference market price, a 6 Rp./kWh minimum up to 30 kW, quarterly values and separate guarantees of origin.

Schwyz

LEG photo­voltaics Schwyz

How a LEG works in the ebs grid area: the municipal boundary, network level below 36 kV, 5% ratio, smart meters and a 40% or 20% grid-charge reduction.

Solothurn

PV tax deduction Solothurn

How the tax deduction for photovoltaics works in Canton Solothurn: existing buildings, new-build boundary, battery, Pronovo EIV and the net principle for feed-in payments.

St. Gallen

LEG photo­voltaics St. Gallen

How a local electricity community in St. Gallen shares solar power through sgsw, which addresses qualify and why 20% or 40% grid-use discounts may apply.

St. Gallen

PV feed-in payment SGSW St. Gallen

The 2026 SGSW tariff sheet separates minimum remuneration, the BFE reference market price, guarantees of origin and flexibility by system size and self-consumption. The guide therefore expressly applies to the St.Gallen electricity grid, not to the entire canton.

Tessin

PV feed-in payment Ticino

How the FER minimum, quarterly tariff, self-consumption, guarantees of origin and AET payments work together in Ticino in 2026.

Thurgau

PV feed-in tariff Thurgau

How PV feed-in remuneration works in Thurgau in 2026: the SFOE reference market price, the 6 Rp./kWh minimum up to 30 kW, the Thurplus grid area, and the separation of self-consumption, guarantees of origin and Pronovo EIV.

Thurgau

PV tax deduction Thurgau

Which PV costs can be deducted in Thurgau, how incentives and feed-in income are treated, and why new builds require a different classification.

Uri

LEG photo­voltaics Uri

How a LEG works in the energieUri grid area: a 5% generation ratio, the same political municipality, smart meters and three months’ lead time before registration.

Uri

PV feed-in payment Uri

PV feed-in payment in the energieUri grid area follows the BFE reference market price in 2026; systems below 30 kW receive at least 6.00 Rp./kWh, while larger systems are classified by self-consumption and capacity.

Wallis

PV feed-in payment Valais

How EnBAG structures PV feed-in payment in Valais in 2026 by summer, winter, HKNs and TOP-40, and which federal minimum payments apply where no agreement exists.

Zug

PV economics Canton Zug

Assess which factors genuinely drive PV system economics in Canton Zug, from self-consumption and current WWZ tariffs to ZEV models, LEG and Pronovo one-time payment.

Zug

LEG photo­voltaics Zug

How the WWZ LEG works in Zug: 5% production ratio, smart meters, the municipal boundary, a 40% or 20% grid-use discount and a three-month lead time.

Roof & planning

10

Understand roof form, visibility and technical limits before detailed planning begins.

Aargau

Large PV systems in Aargau

How owners, commercial operators and property managers in Aargau assess large roof areas for photovoltaics: clarify potential, structure, permitting, grid connection, self-consumption and incentives before quoting.

Basel-Landschaft

Flat-roof PV business Basel-Landschaft

Prepare flat-roof PV on commercial and multi-family roofs in Basel-Landschaft cleanly: clarify roof condition, structure, fall protection, fire safety, electrical coordination, notification route and maintenance access before quoting.

Basel-Stadt

PV green roofs Basel-Stadt

How green-roof duty, substrate build-up, structural capacity and PV layout fit together on Basel flat roofs.

Genf

Geneva solar obligation: 0.2 GWh

Geneva requires sites consuming more than 0.2 GWh per year to equip suitable roof areas with PV by 2030. The decisive points are the definition of suitable areas, priority for self-consumption and proof of any exemption to OCEN.

Luzern

Flat-roof PV Lucerne with green roof

Explains how flat-roof PV in the City of Lucerne is prepared cleanly with solar obligation, green roof, notification route, incentives and installation planning.

Schaffhausen

Schaffhausen roof-renovation solar duty

What section 26h EnerV requires for comprehensive roof renovations in Schaffhausen: 300 m², 85% global irradiation and the correct minimum system size.

St. Gallen

Solar obligation St. Gallen

What St. Gallen’s self-generation obligation for new buildings means in practice: 10 W per m² energy reference area, 30 kW cap, exemptions, substitute levy and project workflow.

Thurgau

PV with roof renovation Thurgau

Understand when a roof renovation in Thurgau becomes a PV planning question: check cantonal energy requirements, roof condition, notification route, grid connection and installation before quoting.

Thurgau

Large PV roof areas in Thurgau

Understand how large PV systems on barns, halls, commercial and infrastructure roofs in Thurgau should be prepared: roof assessment, grid connection, incentive path, self-consumption and project organisation.

Wallis

PV solar obligation in Valais

Valais solar obligations distinguish between new buildings, extensions, removed roof coverings and roof areas above 500 m². The key anchors are 20 W/m² of energy reference area, the 30 kW cap, 80% of the renovated roof area and cantonal exemptions.

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